ประชาสัมพันธ์

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เปิดรับสมัครสอบ นักเรียนจ่าอากาศ ประจำปีการศึกษา 2555

ประกาศกรมยุทธศึกษาทหารอากาศ เรื่อง รับสมัครบุคคลเข้าเป็นนักเรียนจ่าอากาศ ประจำปีการศึกษา 2555
กองทัพอากาศมีความประสงค์จะรับสมัครบุคคลชายเพื่อสอบคัดเลือกเข้าเป็นนักเรียนจ่าอากาศ ประจำปี 2555 โดยกำหนดรายละเอียดดังนี้

คุณสมบัติผู้สมัคร
- เป็นชายโสด มีสัญชาติไทย และบิดามารดามีสัญชาติไทยโดยกำเนิด
- สำเร็จการศึกษาหลักสูตรมัธยมศึกษาตอนต้น (ม.3) หรือเทียบเท่า อายุ 15 – 18ปี เข้าศึกษาในเหล่าทหารช่างอากาศ (ชอ.) เหล่าทหารสื่อสาร (ส.) และเหล่าทหารสรรพาวุธ (สพ.) ระยะเวลาศึกษา 3 ปี
- สำเร็จการศึกษาหลักสูตรมัธยมศึกษาตอนปลาย (ม.6) หรือเทียบเท่า อายุ 17 – 20 ปี เข้าศึกษาในเหล่าทหารอากาศโยธิน (อย.) และเหล่าทหารสารวัตร (สห.) ระยะเวลาศึกษา 2 ปี
- สำเร็จการศึกษาหลักสูตรมัธยมศึกษาตอนปลาย (ม.6) หรือเทียบเท่า แผนการเรียนวิทยาศาสตร์ – คณิตศาสตร์ อายุ 17 – 20 ปี เข้าศึกษาในเหล่าทหารแพทย์ (พ.) เหล่าทหารต้นหน (ตห.) เหล่าทหารอุตุ (อต.) เหล่าทหารอากาศโยธิน (อย.) เหล่าทหารสารวัตร (สห.) ระยะเวลาศึกษา 2 ปี
โดยมีคะแนนเฉลี่ยสะสมตลอดหลักสูตร ไม่ต่ำกว่า 2.00

กำหนดรับสมัคร
- สมัครทางไปรษณีย์ ส่งใบสมัครให้โรงเรียนจ่าอากาศ ตั้งแต่ซื้อใบสมัคร ถึงวันที่ 31 มกราคม 2555
- สมัครด้วยตนเอง ที่อาคารรณนภากาศ โรงเรียนนายเรืออากาศ ระหว่างวันที่ 8 – 14 กุมภาพันธ์ 2555 เวลา 08.30 น. – 15.00 น. ไม่เว้นวันหยุดราชการ
- สมัครทาง Internet ตั้งแต่บัดนี้ จนถึงวันที่ 14 กุมภาพันธ์ 2555 ทางเว็บไซต์ http://www.atts.rtaf.mi.th/ หรือ http://www.atts.ac.th/

ผู้สนใจต้องการทราบรายละเอียดการรับสมัครและสอบคัดเลือก ติดต่อซื้อระเบียบการได้ที่โรงเรียนจ่าอากาศ และโรงเรียนนายอากาศ ตั้งแต่วันที่ 20 ธันวาคม 2554 ในราคาชุดละ 100 บาท

สั่งซื้อทางไปรษณีย์ ราคาชุดละ160บาท
ธนาณัติสั่งจ่ายที่ทำการไปรษณีย์ ปณฝ.กองทัพอากาศ 10213
ในนาม นาวาอากาศโทหญิงจันทิมา ไชยปะ
จ่าหน้าซองถึง สำนักงานรับสมัครนักเรียนจ่าอากาศ โรงเรียนจ่าอากาศ ดอนเมือง กรุงเทพฯ 10210
สอบถามรายละเอียด โทร. 0 2534 2841, 0 2534 3763

Wat Khongkharam

Wat Khongkharam - The Kuti and the Mural Paintings of the Bosot

           
Wat Khongkharam is a Buddhist monastery located on the bank of the Maeklong River in the province of Ratburi southwest of Bangkok, Thailand. The monastery has an ancient history. According to No Na Paknam, a Thai art historian, the temple was first built in the pre-Ayutthaya Period (before 1350), but it was abandoned when the Burmese invaded the country in 1767 and sacked the capital. The monastery was later rebuilt by the inhabitants of a nearby Mon settlement.

The monastery is best known for its bosot, the main sanctuary of a Buddhist monastery where the major religious services take place. The bosot of Wat Khongkharam is renown for its mural paintings which are said to represent an older style of Thai mural painting from the Middle Ayutthaya Period (1350-1767). King Mongkut, (Rama IV, 1851-1868) was reported to have visited this monastery in 1815, and was so impressed with the murals that he had them restored during the first years of his reign as king. The monastery underwent another restoration in the 1970s by the Fine Arts Department at the time it was declared a National Historical Monument.

In addition to the bosot, the monastery grounds contain two sections of living quarters for the monks. The kuti, the living quarters of the monks, are traditional wooden buildings that are recognized for their beautiful carvings.

Wat khanon 2

The Shadow Figure Appearance

The shadow figures are mostly made of cow hides, delicately perforated and painted into characters in the episodes of the Ramakian epic such as Phra Ram, Thotsakan and Hanuman. The figures are divided in accordance with their attitudes.

For example, the shadow figure of a subject in audience (Nang Fao or Nang Wai) is an individual silhouette of either a human, a demon, or a monkey subject, in a sitting position, hands clasped together in a wai gesture. Figures of this kind are used in the scenes where the subjects are in audience with the king.  Background of Nang Yai at Wat Khanon.

In former times, the area around Wat Khanon was a customs post. This enabled the constant contact between Ratchaburi town and Bangkok. During the time that Phrakhru Sattha Sunthon was the abbot of Wat Khanon (King Rama V's reign, A.D. 1868-1910), a nobleman gave 20 shadow figures to the temple.

        This and the fact that there were plenty of cow hides for making drums in the temple made the abbot decide to create Nang Yai figures. Then Nang Yai masters from up-country were called to carry out this project until it was completed. The first set of hide figures was "Hanuman Thawai Waen" or Hanuman presenting Phra Ram's ring to Sida.

The first set became deteriorated within a short time because the artisans did not know how to prevent the hides from becoming wrinkled. Later, the abbot invented a method to solve that problem and created new figures for nine more episodes. At present, the shadow figures are aged more than a hundred years and are well preserved in the Wat Khanon Nang Yai Museum.

Nang Yai Conservation at Wat Khanon

Nowadays, Wat Khanon is the only temple with its own Nang Yai troupe which has regularly kept on its operation. Thus, Wat Khanon has played an important role in the conservation of Nang Yai of the country. The temple, in cooperation with the government and the private sector, bring Nang Yai on stage both domestically and internationally.In 1989, HRH Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn, out of a serious concern about this precious national heritage, set up a royal project to conserve the 313 old Nang Yai figures by duplicating a new Nang Yai set for performance and to keep the old ones in museum.

Silpakorn University was responsible for all processes involved. The new set was finished in 1995 and has been used in performance since then.

Apart from making a new set of the shadow figures, the temple established a Nang Yai museum within the compound to exhibit Nang Yai figures and publicize the Nang Yai story. Also, to prolong this theatrical art, the temple has managed to continuously train young people for the Nang Yai performance.

Wat Khanon Nang Yai Received a UNESCO Award

Recently, Wat Khanon Nang Yai honourably received an award from the UNESCO for its active role in safeguarding what the UN terms "intangible cultural heritage". The troupe was among the 32 entrants in a contest organised earlier this year by the Asia Pacific Cultural Centre for UNESCO (ACCU) in Japan.

The following is the summarised opinion of Khun Charan Thawonnukulphong, the troupe manager:

"At Wat Khanon, we do everything naturally on the basis of our own daily-life. We do not make it up for propaganda. Here we regularly rehearse the Nang Yai performance, rehearse the musical performance, maintain the shadow figures and clean the theatre which is in the temple compound. It can be said that the complete management of Nang Yai can be seen here.

        In our troupe, there are around 30 members, aged from 6 to 17 years old. Ten play the traditional music and about twenty perform the Nang Yai show."

"The youngest performer is only six years old. Even though his performance is not that good, his innocence stands out. This natural charm is what captures the audience's attention."

"Regarding the award from UNESCO, we are very proud of it because we were the only foreign troupe to win the award with all five other winners from Japan. Beforehand, around four or five years ago, we recieved another important award -- the Kinnaree Award for our excellent landscape and venue."

          In addition, two boys in Wat Khanon Nang Yai troupe -- Suthat Songkhachon and Sarawut Thawonnukulphong -- expressed their feelings that they were proud to be part of the conservation of this rich cultural heritage. They both join in the troupe out of their own passion not for any remuneration.

Location

Wat Khanon is situated at Tambon Soifa, Amphoe Photharam, Ratchaburi Province (about two-hour drive from Bangkok). If you would like to witness this theatrical art, you can go by yourself or ask a travel agent to arrange a trip to the temple.

Museum: Open daily 08.00-17.00 hrs.

Demonstration: Saturday 10.00-11.00 hrs.

Wat khanon 1

Nang Yai Shadow Puppet Drama at Wat Khanon, Ratchaburi, Thailand

         Nang Yai Shadow Puppet Drama performances possibly already existed during the Sukhothai era. Certainly they were a leading form of entertainment during the Ayutthaya era. This typical Thai performing art remained popular throughout the early Rattanakosin era till at least the reign of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V).

The Nang Yai Shadow Puppet Drama at Wat Khanon was first established during the reign of King Chulalongkorn. It now is the only important location for this form of entertainment in Thailand. However, the puppets are still meticulously maintained and produced, and the performers retain their high standards. The drama group from Wat Khanon performs throughout Thailand. The most popular drama performed is the Ramakien.

To perform a puppet drama, the essential constituents are : a suitable venue (transparent screen and lighting), puppet figures, a musical ensemble, narrators and recitors, and of course the puppeteers and the story line.

Creating the puppet figures is an artform all by itself. Most of the puppets are created from cowhide. The more important figures however require skin of other animals such as leopard skin, bear skin etc.

Wat Khanon in Ratchaburi province now also houses a nicely constructed Nang Yai Exhibition Hall. In an attractive way, quite a few puppets are on display. You can judge by the pictures here that they are truly exquisite works of art.

The information provided on this page has been sourced from leaflets distributed at the temple. Nang Yai Shadow Puppet Drama can be contacted at 03-223 3386, if you want to inquire about performances.

Origin of Nang Yai

The word "Nang Yai", or shadow play, literally means "big hides" because the shadow figures sometimes reach a height of 2 metres. Nang Yai, a rich cultural heritage, is among the oldest forms of theatrical arts ever performed in Thailand. It can be traced back to the times of King U-thong of Ayutthaya (1350-1369).

It was very popular during the reign of King Rama II of the Chakri dynasty (1809-1824). At that time there was a Nang Yai episode called Phra Nakhon Wai which was a real hit. The shadow figures created for the episode were meticulous works of art, vivid in form and colour. They were kept in the National Theatre Building as part of Thai cultural heritage. Unfortunately, the later generations of the Thai people have no more chance to see the shadow figures for they were destroyed together with the theatre building in a fire in 1960.

Later in King Rama V's reign, two troupes of Nang Yai -- Nang Yai Wat Sawang A-rom, Sing Buri province and Nang Yai Wat Khanon, Ratchaburi province were founded.

        At present, public performances of Nang Yai are rare. They are staged occasionally for demonstration purposes. At Wat Khanon in Ratchaburi province, every Saturday at 10.00 hrs., a Nang Yai performance is shown. This is one of the three troupes existing in Thailand. The other two are Nang Yai Wat Sawang A-rom, Sing Buri province and Nang Yai Ban Don, Rayong province. In this issue of Thaiways, only Nang Yai at Wat Khanon will be dealt with.

Nang Yai Overview

Before Nang Yai is staged, there must be a ceremony of worshipping teachers (or wai khru in Thai). This is done to pay respect to teachers both humans and gods. Also, it is believed to bless the performers with success at the show. Throughout the ceremony, traditional Thai music is played.

When Nang Yai is staged, one or more shadow figures are held by performers before the white screen. All performers are male as they must be strong enough to hold shadow figures, some of which weigh up to 7 kg, during the time they are on stage. The figures have no moving parts but they are changed as the plot develops. The ones in motion are the performers who, while lifting the figures high, must move their body in unison in accordance with the plot and the rhythm of the music.

Nang Yai Ancient Shadow Play mostly performs episodes from the Ramakian epic which is a story about the battle between vice (represented by Thotsakan) and virtue (represented by Phra Ram).

Nang Yai: A blend of various art forms

Nang Yai was a high-class entertainment in former times, being a combination of several art forms as follows:

1. Handicraft art The meticulousness and the exceptional workmanship in making fine shadow figures.

2. Literary art The poetical beauty of the narration and dialogues.

3. Oratory art The art of narration and the dialouges that make a lifeless shadow figure look lively and real.

4. Musical art The Thai Classical ensemble or Wong Pi Phat is required to provide musical accompaniment that best suites the episodes.

5. Performing art The performers must manoeuvre the shadow figures with agility in accordance with the figure characteristics.

Banpong-Photharam

Wat Muang

  This is a Mon temple situated in Tambon Ban Muang, west of Amphoe Ban Pong along Route No. 3089 and a left turn after crossing the Mae Klong River. Besides a Mon style pagoda, a well-managed folk museum has been established as a research centre of history, way of life, and culture of this Mon community.

Wat Khongkharam

This 100 year old ethnic Mon temple is at Tambon Khlong Ta Khot, Amphoe Photharam, some 22 kilometres from Ratchaburi. The fine mural paintings about Lord Buddha’s life in the main shrine hall are full of detail making them seem real. Completed in the early Bangkok period, they are very rare and worth studying. The temple also houses a Thai style building entirely made of teak with intricate carving designs.

Wat Khanon

              More than 300 Nang Yai puppets are well preserved at this temple, some 10 kilometres from Amphoe Photharam. Nang Yai is an old form of entertainment which gathers many kinds of arts; for example, Thai sculpture and classical performances. The intricate carved puppets are portrayed on the screen by skilled male performers, and it can dance according to the music. The performance is usually demonstrated on Saturday from 10.00-11.00 a.m.